Izinhlobo ze-CNC Machining
Imachining yigama lokukhiqiza elihlanganisa uhla olubanzi lobuchwepheshe namasu. Ingachazwa cishe njengenqubo yokususa okokusebenza kucezu lokusebenza usebenzisa amathuluzi omshini oqhutshwa ngamandla ukuze ululolonge lube umklamo ohlosiwe. Izingxenye eziningi zensimbi nezingxenye zidinga uhlobo oluthile lomshini ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza. Ezinye izinto, ezinjengamapulasitiki, amarabha, nezimpahla zephepha, nazo zivame ukwakhiwa ngezinqubo zomshini.
Izinhlobo Zamathuluzi Emishini
Kunezinhlobo eziningi zamathuluzi okwenza imishini, futhi angasetshenziswa yedwa noma ngokuhambisana namanye amathuluzi ezinyathelweni ezihlukahlukene zenqubo yokukhiqiza ukuze kuzuzwe ingxenye ehlosiwe yejometri. Izigaba ezinkulu zamathuluzi omshini yilezi:
Amathuluzi ayisicefe: Lezi zivame ukusetshenziswa njengemishini yokuqedela ukukhulisa izimbobo ezike zasikwa kundaba.
Amathuluzi okusika: Amadivayisi afana namasaha nezikele ayizibonelo ezijwayelekile zemishini yokusika. Zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukusika izinto ezinobukhulu obunqunywe kusengaphambili, njengeshidi lensimbi, zibe yisimo esifiswayo.
Amathuluzi okubhoboza: Lesi sigaba siqukethe amadivayisi ajikelezayo anezinhlangothi ezimbili ezidala izimbobo eziyindilinga ezihambisana ne-eksisi yokuzungezisa.
Amathuluzi okugaya: Lezi zinsimbi zisebenzisa isondo elijikelezayo ukuze kufinyelelwe isiphetho esihle noma ukwenza ukusikeka okukhanyayo endaweni yokusebenza.
Amathuluzi okugaya: Ithuluzi lokugaya lisebenzisa indawo yokusika ezungezayo enama-blade amaningana ukuze kwakhe izimbobo ezingezona eziyindilinga noma ukusika imiklamo eyingqayizivele ngaphandle kwempahla.
Amathuluzi okuguqula: Lawa mathuluzi azungezisa ucezu lokusebenza ku-eksisi yalo ngenkathi ithuluzi lokusika lilulolonga ukuze lube. Ama-Lathes uhlobo oluvame kakhulu lwemishini yokuguqula.
Izinhlobo Burning Machining Technologies
Amathuluzi omshini wokushisela nokushisa asebenzisa ukushisa ukuze alolonge ucezu lomsebenzi. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ze-welding kanye nobuchwepheshe bomshini wokushiswa buhlanganisa:
Ukusika i-Laser: Umshini we-laser ukhipha ukukhanya okuwumngcingo, okunamandla aphezulu okuncibilika kahle, kuhwamuke, noma kushise impahla. CO2: Ama-lasers e-YAG yizinhlobo ezivame kakhulu ezisetshenziswa ekwenzeni imishini. Inqubo yokusika i-laser ifaneleka kahle ekubumbeni insimbinoma ukuqopha amaphethini ocezu lwempahla. Izinzuzo zayo zihlanganisa ukuqedwa kwekhwalithi ephezulu kanye nokunemba kokusika okwedlulele.
Ukusika i-oxy-fuel: Eyaziwa nangokuthi ukusika igesi, le ndlela yokwenza imishini isebenzisa ingxube yamagesi kaphethiloli nomoya-mpilo ukuze incibilike futhi isuse izinto. I-acetylene, uphethiloli, i-hydrogen, ne-propane ngokuvamile zisebenza njengemithombo yegesi ngenxa yokuvutha kwazo okuphezulu. Izinzuzo zale ndlela zihlanganisa ukuphatheka okuphezulu, ukuncika okuphansi emithonjeni yamandla eyinhloko, kanye nekhono lokusika izinto eziwugqinsi noma eziqinile, njengamamaki ensimbi aqinile.
Ukusika i-Plasma: Amathoshi e-Plasma ashisa i-arc kagesi ukuze aguqule igesi ye-inert ibe i-plasma. Le plasma ifinyelela emazingeni okushisa aphakeme kakhulu futhi isetshenziswa endaweni yokusebenza ngesivinini esikhulu ukuze incibilikise izinto ezingafuneki. Inqubo ivame ukusetshenziswa ezinsimbini ezisebenza ngogesi ezidinga ububanzi obuqondile bokusika kanye nesikhathi esincane sokulungiselela.
Izinhlobo ze-Erosion Machining Technologies
Ngenkathi amathuluzi avuthayo afaka ukushisa ukuze ancibilikise isitokwe esiningi, izisetshenziswa zemishini yokuguguleka zisebenzisa amanzi noma ugesi ukumosha izinto eziphuma kucezu lokusebenza. Izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zobuchwepheshe bemishini yokuguguleka yizi:
Ukusika indiza yamanzi: Le nqubo isebenzisa umfudlana wamanzi anomfutho ophezulu ukusika impahla. Impushana ebrasive ingase yengezwe emfudlaneni wamanzi ukuze kube lula ukuguguleka. Ukusika ijethi yamanzi kuvame ukusetshenziswa ezintweni ezingalimala noma ziwohloke endaweni ethinteke ekushiseni.
Imishini yokukhipha ugesi (EDM): Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-spark machining, le nqubo isebenzisa ukukhishwa kwe-arcing kagesi ukuze idale ama-micro-craters abangela ngokushesha ukusikeka okuphelele. I-EDM isetshenziselwa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezidinga ubujamo bejometri obuyinkimbinkimbi ezintweni eziqinile kanye nokubekezelelana okuseduze. I-EDM idinga ukuthi izinto eziyisisekelo zihanjiswe ngogesi, ezikhawulela ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuma-alloys ayoni.
CNC Machining
Ukwenza imishini yokulawula izinombolo zekhompuyutha kuyindlela yokusiza ikhompyutha engasetshenziswa ngokuhambisana nohlu olubanzi lwemishini. Idinga isofthiwe nohlelo, ngokuvamile ngolimi lwekhodi ye-G, ukuze iqondise ithuluzi lomshini ekulolongeni ucezu lokusebenza ngokuya ngemingcele esethiwe. Ngokuphambene nezindlela eziqondiswa ngesandla, i-CNC Machining iyinqubo ezenzakalelayo. Ezinye zezinzuzo zayo zihlanganisa:
Imijikelezo yokukhiqiza ephezulu: Uma umshini we-CNC usufakwe ikhodi ngendlela efanele, ngokuvamile udinga ukulungiswa okuncane noma isikhathi sokuphumula, okuvumela izinga lokukhiqiza elisheshayo.
Izindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi: Ngenxa yejubane layo lenzuzo kanye nezidingo eziphansi zomsebenzi wezandla, ukwenziwa kwemishini ye-CNC kungaba inqubo eyongayo, ikakhulukazi ekugijimeni kokukhiqiza kwevolumu ephezulu.
Ukukhiqizwa okufanayo: Ukwenza imishini ye-CNC kuvame ukunemba futhi kuveza izinga eliphezulu lokungaguquguquki kwedizayini phakathi kwemikhiqizo yayo.
Precision Machining
Noma iyiphi inqubo yokwenza imishini edinga ukubekezelelana kokusika okuncane noma ukuqedwa kwengaphezulu okuhle kakhulu kungabhekwa njengohlobo lokunemba kwemishini. Njengokwenza imishini ye-CNC, ukunemba kwemishini kungasetshenziswa enanini elibanzi lezindlela zokwenza namathuluzi. Izinto ezinjengokuqina, ukumanzisa, nokunemba kwejiyomethri kungaba nomthelela ekunembeni kokusikwa kwethuluzi lokunemba. Ukulawula ukunyakaza kanye nekhono lomshini lokuphendula ngamanani okuphakelayo okusheshayo nakho kubalulekile ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zomshini wokunemba.
