Insimbi Engagqwali kanye ne-CNC Machining

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Insimbi Engagqwali kanye ne-CNC Machining

Insimbi engagqwali iyinsimbi esebenza ngezindlela eziningi ngendlela emangalisayo futhi ivamise ukusetshenziselwa i-CNC Machining kanye ne-CNC ekuguquleni i-aerospace, izimboni zezimoto nezasolwandle. Insimbi engagqwali yaziwa ngokumelana nokugqwala futhi inama-alloys ahlukahlukene kanye namabanga ensimbi engagqwali atholakalayo, kunezinhlobonhlobo zezicelo kanye namacala okusetshenziswa.

Kunezigaba ezinhlanu ezijwayelekile zensimbi engagqwali enezici ezahlukahlukene ze-alloying kanye nezakhiwo ezibonakalayo:

I-Austenitic Stainless Steel
I-Ferritic Stainless Steel
I-Martensitic Stainless Steel
Insimbi Eqinile Enezimvula
I-Duplex Stainless Steel (Austenitic-Ferritic)

Insimbi ye-Austenitic

Izinsimbi ezingenasici ze-Austenitic zisetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi imikhiqizo edinga ukumelana nokugqwala okuqinile. Imikhiqizo yasekhaya, yezimboni neyokwakha ivamise ukusebenzisa i-austenitic stainless steel. Lokhu kungafaka:
1.Amantongomane namabhawodi nezinye izinsimbi;
2.Imishini yokucubungula ukudla;
3.Ama-Industrial Gas Turbines.

Izinsimbi ezingenasici ze-Austenitic zaziwa ngokusebenza kwazo kanye nokushisela, okusho ukuthi zivame ukusetshenziswa kumishini ye-CNC. Ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo esikhulukazi esiyikristalu, insimbi engagqwali ye-austenitic ayikwazi ukwenziwa lukhuni ukushisa, futhi ibenza bangabi-kazibuthe. Amabanga adumile afaka phakathi u-304 no-316, futhi aqukethe phakathi kwamaphesenti angu-16 no-26 e-chromium.

Insimbi ye-Ferritic

Insimbi engagqwali ye-Ferritic iqukethe cishe u-12% we-chromium. Ihlukile kwezinye izinhlobo zensimbi engagqwali ngenxa yamakhemikhali ayo kanye nesakhiwo sayo sokusanhlamvu samangqamuzana. Ngokungafani nensimbi ye-austenitic, insimbi ye-ferritic inemvelo kazibuthe ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo sokusanhlamvu se-cubic esigxile emzimbeni. Ngokumelana nokugqwala okuphansi nokumelana nokushisa kunensimbi ye-austenitic, ivamise ukusetshenziselwa izingxenye zezimoto nezinto zasekhishini.

Insimbi ye-Ferritic inikeza izinga eliphezulu lokumelana nokucindezeleka kokuqhekeka kokugqwala. Lokhu kwenza kube ukukhetha okudumile kwensimbi ezindaweni lapho i-chloride ingaba khona. Ukuqhekeka kokugqwala kwengcindezi kungonakalisa insimbi uma ivezwe endaweni ebolayo, ikakhulukazi, lapho ichayeke ku-chloride.

Insimbi ye-Martensitic

I-Martensite iwuhlobo oluqinile lwensimbi, futhi izici zayo zisho ukuthi insimbi engaphathwa ngokushisa futhi iqine, nokho ngokuvamile iye yanciphisa ukumelana namakhemikhali, uma iqhathaniswa nezinsimbi ze-austenitic. Izinzuzo zensimbi ye-martensitic zisho ukuthi inikeza izindleko eziphansi, insimbi eqinisa umoya enokumelana nokugqwala okuphakathi, okulula ukukwakha, ngokuqukethwe kwe-chromium okungenani okungu-10.5%.

Ukusetshenziswa kwensimbi engagqwali ye-martensitic kuhlanganisa:
1.Ukusika
2.Izingxenye zemoto
3.Ama-Steam, igesi nama-jet turbine blades
4.Amavalvu
5.Izinsimbi Zokuhlinza

Insimbi Eqinile Enezimvula

I-Precipitation Hardened Steel iyizinga lensimbi eliqine kakhulu, iyalapheka ngokushisa futhi inokumelana nokugqwala okuhle kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokhu isetshenziswa kakhulu ezingxenyeni ze-aerospace, lapho ukuqina okukhulu nokuthembeka kuyadingeka kusukela engxenyeni.
Insimbi ye-PH iphinde isetshenziswe ezimbonini zikawoyela, igesi nezenuzi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi inikeza inhlanganisela yamandla aphezulu kodwa ngokuvamile aphansi kodwa izinga elisebenzayo lokuqina. Amabanga adume kakhulu ensimbi eqinile yemvula ayi-17-4 PH kanye no-15-5 PH.

Ukusetshenziswa okuvamile kwensimbi eqinile engu-PH:
1.Imimese
2.Izibhamu
3.Izinsimbi Zokuhlinza
4.Amathuluzi Esandla

I-Duplex Stainless Steel

Izinsimbi ezingenasici ezi-Duplex, ngezinye izikhathi ezaziwa nge-austenitic-ferritic stainless steel zinezigaba ezimbili zesakhiwo se-metallurgical. Okungukuthi, i-duplex insimbi engagqwali iqukethe kokubili izigaba ze-austenitic ne-ferritic. Amandla ezinsimbi ezingenasici eziyi-duplex aphakeme kunensimbi engagqwali evamile ye-austenitic futhi anokumelana nokugqwala okwengeziwe.

Amamaki e-Duplex anokuqukethwe okuphansi kwe-molybdenum ne-nickel okunganciphisa izindleko uma kuqhathaniswa namamaki e-austenitic. Ngakho-ke, ama-alloys angama-duplex avame ukusetshenziswa ezimbonini ezinzima ezifana nemboni ye-petrochemical.

Izinto Okufanele Zicatshangwe Lapho Ukhetha Ibanga Lensimbi Engagqwali
Ngokuvamile kunezici eziningi okudingeka zicatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa impahla yanoma iyiphi iphrojekthi. Njengoba kunenqwaba yamamaki ensimbi engagqwali atholakalayo, kungase kube nzima ukunciphisa ukukhetha kwakho. Kodwa-ke uma ubheka lezi zici ezilandelayo, kufanele ube sesimweni sokunquma ukuthi yiliphi ibanga elikulungele.

Amandla
Ngokuvamile amandla aqinile ayisici esibalulekile ekunqumeni into engcono kakhulu yephrojekthi yakho. Sincoma ukuthuthukisa ukuqonda kwamandla nemithwalo ezotholwa yizingxenye zakho futhi uqhathanise lokhu namandla ahlukahlukene okuqina okunikezwayo. Lokhu kuzokusiza ukuqeda noma yiziphi izinto ezingeke zinikeze amandla adingekayo.

Ukwelashwa Kokushisa
Uma unezidingo ezithile zokuqina zezingxenye zakho, ungase ufise ukucabangela ukwelashwa kokushisa. Khumbula ukuthi ngenkathi ukwelashwa kokushisa kuthuthukisa ubulukhuni bezingxenye zakho, lokhu kungase kufike ngezindleko zezinye izici zomshini. Futhi qaphela ukuthi izinsimbi ezingenasici ze-austenitic azikwazi ukuphathwa ngokushisa, ngaleyo ndlela ususa lesi sigaba ekukhetheni kwakho okubalulekile.

Uzibuthe
Kwamanye amaphrojekthi, ukuthi ingxenye ingakazibuthe noma cha kuyisici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe. Khumbula ukuthi insimbi ye-austenitic ayiyona i-magnetic ngenxa ye-microstructure yayo.

Izindleko
Uma izindleko ziyisici esibaluleke kakhulu sephrojekthi yakho, khumbula. Nokho, izindleko zezinto ezibonakalayo ziyingxenye eyodwa nje yezindleko zizonke. Zama ukunciphisa izindleko ngokunciphisa inani lemisebenzi yokwenza imishini futhi wenze izingxenye zakho zibe lula ngangokunokwenzeka.

Ukutholakala Kwebanga
Lapho uhlela ukucaphuna nezinkampani zemishini ze-CNC ezifana nathi, hlola ukuze ubone ukuthi yimaphi amamaki ensimbi engagqwali eziwanikezayo; kungase kube namamaki avamile abawagcinayo noma abangawathola kalula. Zama ukugwema ukucacisa amamaki e-niche ngokweqile noma izinto ezinophawu njengoba lokhu kungakhuphula zombili izindleko nezikhathi zokuhola.