Kunezinhlobo ezimbili ze-titanium ore emhlabeni, eyodwa i-rutile kanti enye i-ilmenite.I-Rutile ngokuyisisekelo iyiminerali ehlanzekile equkethe ngaphezu kuka-90% i-titanium dioxide, futhi okuqukethwe kwe-iron ne-carbon ku-ilmenite kuyingxenye nengxenye.
Njengamanje, indlela yezimboni yokulungisa i-titanium iwukuba esikhundleni sama-athomu omoya-mpilo ku-titanium dioxide negesi ye-chlorine ukwenza i-titanium chloride, bese kusetshenziswa i-magnesium njenge-ejenti yokunciphisa ukunciphisa i-titanium.I-titanium ekhiqizwa ngale ndlela ifana nesipontshi, ebizwa nangokuthi i-sponge titanium.
Isiponji se-Titanium singenziwa kuphela ama-titanium ingots namapuleti e-titanium ukuze asetshenziswe ezimbonini ngemva kwezinqubo ezimbili zokuncibilika.Ngakho-ke, nakuba okuqukethwe kwe-titanium kuyingxenye yesishiyagalolunye emhlabeni, ukucubungula nokucwenga kuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, ngakho-ke intengo yayo nayo iphakeme.
Njengamanje, izwe elinezinsiza eziningi ze-titanium emhlabeni yi-Australia, kulandele iChina.Ngaphezu kwalokho, iRussia, i-India ne-United States nazo zinezinsiza eziningi ze-titanium.Kodwa i-titanium ore yaseShayina ayilona izinga eliphezulu, ngakho-ke kusadingeka ukuthi ingeniswe ngobuningi bayo.
Imboni ye-Titanium, inkazimulo yeSoviet Union
Ngo-1954, uMkhandlu Wongqongqoshe baseSoviet Union wenza isinqumo sokudala imboni ye-titanium, futhi ngo-1955, kwakhiwa ifektri ye-VSMPO ye-magnesium-titanium engamathani ayinkulungwane.Ngo-1957, i-VSMPO yahlanganiswa nefekthri yemishini yezindiza ye-AVISMA futhi yasungula i-VSMPO-AVISMA titanium industry consortium, okuyi-Avi Sima Titanium edumile.Imboni ye-titanium yezwe elaliyiSoviet Union ibilokhu isendaweni ehamba phambili emhlabeni kusukela yasungulwa, futhi izuzwe iRussia ngokugcwele kuze kube manje.
I-Avisma Titanium njengamanje ingumzimba wokucubungula i-titanium alloy alloy enkulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni.Kuyibhizinisi elididiyelwe kusukela ekuncibilikisweni kwezinto ezingavuthiwe kuya ezintweni eziqediwe ze-titanium, kanye nokwakhiwa kwezingxenye ezinkulu ze-titanium.I-Titanium iqinile kunensimbi, kodwa ukuguquguquka kwayo okushisayo kungu-1/4 kuphela wensimbi kanye ne-1/16 yaleyo ye-aluminium.Ngesikhathi sokusika, ukushisa akulula ukuhlakazeka, futhi akunabungane kakhulu kumathuluzi kanye nemishini yokucubungula.Ngokuvamile, ama-titanium alloys enziwa ngokungeza ezinye izakhi zokulandelela ku-titanium ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo ezihlukahlukene.
Ngokwezici ze-titanium, izwe elaliyiSoviet Union lenza izinhlobo ezintathu zengxubevange ye-titanium ngezinjongo ezihlukene.Enye ngeyokucubungula amapuleti, enye ngeyokucubungula izingxenye, kanti enye ngeyokucubungula amapayipi.Ngokusetshenziswa okuhlukile, izinto ze-titanium zaseRussia zihlukaniswe ngamamaki angu-490MPa, 580MPa, 680MPa, 780MPa amandla.Njengamanje, u-40% wezingxenye ze-Boeing titanium kanye namaphesenti angaphezu kuka-60 wezinto ze-Airbus ze-titanium zihlinzekwa yiRussia.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-24-2022